Before IPsec can be used as a VPN service, two VPN gateways must be created. These gateways will be responsible for encrypting and decrypting traffic passing through the VPN.
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Introduction
IPsec is a network protocol suite that authenticates and encrypts the packets of data sent over an internet protocol network. IPsec can be used as a Virtual Private Network (VPN) service that intimacy, authentication, and data integrity for both Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP) traffic. Before IPsec can be utilized as a VPN service, what must be established are the following:
What is IPsec?
IPsec is short for Internet Protocol Security. It is a suite of protocols developed to provide data security for Internet Protocol (IP) communications. IPsec uses a combination of encryption and authentication to protect data in transit from eavesdropping and tampering.
IPsec is often used as a VPN service to protect communications between two or more computers. In order to use IPsec as a VPN service, a Virtual Private Network (VPN) must be created. A VPN is a private network that uses public networks, such as the Internet, to connect remote sites or users together.
Creating a VPN requires careful planning and configuration of both hardware and software. The first step is to determine the IP addresses of the computers that will be involved in the VPN communication. Next, hardware devices called routers must be configured with special software to support IPsec. Finally, the IPsec software must be installed and configured on each computer that will be part of the VPN.
What is a VPN?
A VPN, or Virtual Private Network, is a private network that uses a public network (usually the Internet) to connect remote sites or users together. Unlike a traditional private network, a VPN can actually be less expensive and more flexible than a dedicated private network because it makes use of the idle bandwidth of the public network.
A VPN can be used to connect two computers together over the Internet, or to connect multiple devices together over a larger private network. When used in this way, IPsec (Internet Protocol Security) is often used as the encryption protocol to ensure that data is not intercepted as it travels over the public network.
How IPsec Can Be Used As a VPN Service
IPsec can be used as a VPN service in order to provide a secure connection between two networks. In order to do this, a Virtual Private Network (VPN) must be created. This VPN will use IPsec to encrypt and authenticate all of the data that is sent between the two networks.
Creating an IPsec VPN
Before IPsec VPNs can be used, a number of items must be created including security policies, access control lists (ACLs), crypto access lists, and IPsec peer configurations. This document describes how to create these items.
Creating an IPsec VPN on Windows Server 2012 R2
Before IPsec can be used as a VPN service, what must be created?
In order for IPsec to be used as a VPN service, a VPN gateway must first be created. This gateway will serve as the entrance point for all traffic that will travel through the VPN. To create a VPN gateway, you will need to use the Routing and Remote Access service in Windows Server 2012 R2.
Creating an IPsec VPN on Windows Server 2016
Before IPsec can be used as a VPN service, what must be created?
-A public key infrastructure (PKI)
-A server running the Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS)
-An IPsec policy
A public key infrastructure (PKI) is required to issue certificates to clients and servers. The CA can be either an online service, such as a Microsoft CA role service running on Windows Server 2016, or an offline standalone root CA. If you plan to issue IPsec certificates to non-domain joined computers, you must configure Active Directory Certificate Services (AD CS) to issue certificates to stand-alone computers. For more information, see Active Directory Certificate Services.
Routing and Remote Access Service (RRAS) is a server role that provides routing and remote access services in Windows Server 2016. You can use RRAS to deploy VPN gateways, perform network address translation (NAT), and implement demand-dial routing connections depending on yourVPN scenario. For more information about RRAS, see Routing and Remote Access Service Overview.
After you deploy RRAS, you must create an IPsec policy. An IPsec policy defines the security criteria that all traffic must meet before it can be encrypted or decrypted by using IPsec. For more information about how to create an IPsec policy on Windows Server 2016, see Create an IPsec Policy.
Conclusion
IPsec must be properly configured on both the client and server before it can be used as a VPN service.